안드로이드 앱 기본 테마 및 스타일 속성 분석

안드로이드 스튜디오에서 기본 앱을 생성했을 때 사용되는 테마를 분석해보았다.

필자의 경우 안드로이드 앱 기본 테마는 Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar로 설정이 되어 있었다.

parent속성을 통해 쭉 따라가보면

Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar를 상속받고 있고

Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar

<style name="Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar" parent="Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light">
        <item name="actionBarPopupTheme">@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light</item>
        <item name="actionBarWidgetTheme">@null</item>
        <item name="actionBarTheme">@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark.ActionBar</item>

        <!-- Panel attributes -->
        <item name="listChoiceBackgroundIndicator">@drawable/abc_list_selector_holo_dark</item>

        <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/primary_dark_material_dark</item>
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/primary_material_dark</item>
</style>

Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light를 상속받아 다시 Base.V7.Theme.AppCompat.Light를 상속받고

이 놈이 대부분의 스타일들은 큰 범주에서 지정하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

Base.V7.Theme.AppCompat.Light

<style name="Base.V7.Theme.AppCompat.Light" parent="Platform.AppCompat.Light">
        <item name="viewInflaterClass">androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatViewInflater</item>

        <item name="windowNoTitle">false</item>
        <item name="windowActionBar">true</item>
        <item name="windowActionBarOverlay">false</item>
        <item name="windowActionModeOverlay">false</item>
        <item name="actionBarPopupTheme">@null</item>

        <item name="colorBackgroundFloating">@color/background_floating_material_light</item>

        <!-- Used by MediaRouter -->
        <item name="isLightTheme">true</item>

        <item name="selectableItemBackground">@drawable/abc_item_background_holo_light</item>
        <item name="selectableItemBackgroundBorderless">?attr/selectableItemBackground</item>
        <item name="borderlessButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Button.Borderless</item>
        <item name="homeAsUpIndicator">@drawable/abc_ic_ab_back_material</item>

        <item name="dividerVertical">@drawable/abc_list_divider_mtrl_alpha</item>
        <item name="dividerHorizontal">@drawable/abc_list_divider_mtrl_alpha</item>

        <!-- Action Bar Styles -->
        <item name="actionBarTabStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionBar.TabView</item>
        <item name="actionBarTabBarStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionBar.TabBar</item>
        <item name="actionBarTabTextStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionBar.TabText</item>
        <item name="actionButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionButton</item>
        <item name="actionOverflowButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionButton.Overflow</item>
        <item name="actionOverflowMenuStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.PopupMenu.Overflow</item>
        <item name="actionBarStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionBar.Solid</item>
        <item name="actionBarSplitStyle">?attr/actionBarStyle</item>
        <item name="actionBarWidgetTheme">@null</item>
        <item name="actionBarTheme">@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.ActionBar</item>
        <item name="actionBarSize">@dimen/abc_action_bar_default_height_material</item>
        <item name="actionBarDivider">?attr/dividerVertical</item>
        <item name="actionBarItemBackground">?attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless</item>
        <item name="actionMenuTextAppearance">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Widget.ActionBar.Menu</item>
        <item name="actionMenuTextColor">?android:attr/textColorPrimaryDisableOnly</item>

        <!-- Action Mode -->
        <item name="actionModeStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ActionMode</item>
        <item name="actionModeBackground">@drawable/abc_cab_background_top_material</item>
        <item name="actionModeSplitBackground">?attr/colorPrimaryDark</item>
        <item name="actionModeCloseDrawable">@drawable/abc_ic_ab_back_material</item>
        <item name="actionModeCloseButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ActionButton.CloseMode</item>

        <item name="actionModeCutDrawable">@drawable/abc_ic_menu_cut_mtrl_alpha</item>
        <item name="actionModeCopyDrawable">@drawable/abc_ic_menu_copy_mtrl_am_alpha</item>
        <item name="actionModePasteDrawable">@drawable/abc_ic_menu_paste_mtrl_am_alpha</item>
        <item name="actionModeSelectAllDrawable">@drawable/abc_ic_menu_selectall_mtrl_alpha</item>
        <item name="actionModeShareDrawable">@drawable/abc_ic_menu_share_mtrl_alpha</item>

        <!-- Dropdown Spinner Attributes -->
        <item name="actionDropDownStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.Spinner.DropDown.ActionBar</item>

        <!-- Panel attributes -->
        <item name="panelMenuListWidth">@dimen/abc_panel_menu_list_width</item>
        <item name="panelMenuListTheme">@style/Theme.AppCompat.CompactMenu</item>
        <item name="panelBackground">@drawable/abc_menu_hardkey_panel_mtrl_mult</item>
        <item name="android:panelBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
        <item name="listChoiceBackgroundIndicator">@drawable/abc_list_selector_holo_light</item>

        <!-- List attributes -->
        <item name="textAppearanceListItem">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Subhead</item>
        <item name="textAppearanceListItemSmall">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Subhead</item>
        <item name="textAppearanceListItemSecondary">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Body1</item>
        <item name="listPreferredItemHeight">@dimen/abc_list_item_height_material</item>
        <item name="listPreferredItemHeightSmall">@dimen/abc_list_item_height_small_material</item>
        <item name="listPreferredItemHeightLarge">@dimen/abc_list_item_height_large_material</item>
        <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingLeft">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>
        <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingRight">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>
        <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingStart">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>
        <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingEnd">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>

        <!-- Spinner styles -->
        <item name="spinnerStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Spinner</item>
        <item name="android:spinnerItemStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.TextView.SpinnerItem</item>
        <item name="android:dropDownListViewStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ListView.DropDown</item>

        <!-- Required for use of support_simple_spinner_dropdown_item.xml -->
        <item name="spinnerDropDownItemStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.DropDownItem.Spinner</item>
        <item name="dropdownListPreferredItemHeight">?attr/listPreferredItemHeightSmall</item>

        <!-- Popup Menu styles -->
        <item name="popupMenuStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.PopupMenu</item>
        <item name="textAppearanceLargePopupMenu">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Light.Widget.PopupMenu.Large</item>
        <item name="textAppearanceSmallPopupMenu">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Light.Widget.PopupMenu.Small</item>
        <item name="textAppearancePopupMenuHeader">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Widget.PopupMenu.Header</item>
        <item name="listPopupWindowStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ListPopupWindow</item>
        <item name="dropDownListViewStyle">?android:attr/dropDownListViewStyle</item>
        <item name="listMenuViewStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ListMenuView</item>

        <!-- SearchView attributes -->
        <item name="searchViewStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.SearchView</item>
        <item name="android:dropDownItemStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.DropDownItem.Spinner</item>
        <item name="textColorSearchUrl">@color/abc_search_url_text</item>
        <item name="textAppearanceSearchResultTitle">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.SearchResult.Title</item>
        <item name="textAppearanceSearchResultSubtitle">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.SearchResult.Subtitle</item>

        <!-- ShareActionProvider attributes -->
        <item name="activityChooserViewStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ActivityChooserView</item>

        <!-- Toolbar styles -->
        <item name="toolbarStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Toolbar</item>
        <item name="toolbarNavigationButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Toolbar.Button.Navigation</item>

        <item name="editTextStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.EditText</item>
        <item name="editTextBackground">@drawable/abc_edit_text_material</item>
        <item name="editTextColor">?android:attr/textColorPrimary</item>
        <item name="autoCompleteTextViewStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.AutoCompleteTextView</item>
        <item name="android:textViewStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.TextView</item>

        <!-- Color palette -->
        <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/primary_dark_material_light</item>
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/primary_material_light</item>
        <item name="colorAccent">@color/accent_material_light</item>

        <item name="colorControlNormal">?android:attr/textColorSecondary</item>
        <item name="colorControlActivated">?attr/colorAccent</item>
        <item name="colorControlHighlight">@color/ripple_material_light</item>
        <item name="colorButtonNormal">@color/button_material_light</item>
        <item name="colorSwitchThumbNormal">@color/switch_thumb_material_light</item>
        <item name="controlBackground">?attr/selectableItemBackgroundBorderless</item>

        <item name="drawerArrowStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.DrawerArrowToggle</item>

        <item name="checkboxStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.CompoundButton.CheckBox</item>
        <item name="radioButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.CompoundButton.RadioButton</item>
        <item name="switchStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.CompoundButton.Switch</item>

        <item name="ratingBarStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.RatingBar</item>
        <item name="ratingBarStyleIndicator">@style/Widget.AppCompat.RatingBar.Indicator</item>
        <item name="ratingBarStyleSmall">@style/Widget.AppCompat.RatingBar.Small</item>
        <item name="seekBarStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.SeekBar</item>

        <!-- Button styles -->
        <item name="buttonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Button</item>
        <item name="buttonStyleSmall">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Button.Small</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceButton">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Widget.Button</item>

        <item name="imageButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ImageButton</item>

        <item name="buttonBarStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.ButtonBar</item>
        <item name="buttonBarButtonStyle">@style/Widget.AppCompat.Button.ButtonBar.AlertDialog</item>
        <item name="buttonBarPositiveButtonStyle">?attr/buttonBarButtonStyle</item>
        <item name="buttonBarNegativeButtonStyle">?attr/buttonBarButtonStyle</item>
        <item name="buttonBarNeutralButtonStyle">?attr/buttonBarButtonStyle</item>

        <!-- Dialog attributes -->
        <item name="dialogTheme">@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dialog</item>
        <item name="dialogPreferredPadding">@dimen/abc_dialog_padding_material</item>
        <item name="dialogCornerRadius">@dimen/abc_dialog_corner_radius_material</item>

        <item name="alertDialogTheme">@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dialog.Alert</item>
        <item name="alertDialogStyle">@style/AlertDialog.AppCompat.Light</item>
        <item name="alertDialogCenterButtons">false</item>
        <item name="textColorAlertDialogListItem">@color/abc_primary_text_material_light</item>
        <item name="listDividerAlertDialog">@null</item>

        <!-- Define these here; ContextThemeWrappers around themes that define them should
             always clear these values. -->
        <item name="windowFixedWidthMajor">@null</item>
        <item name="windowFixedWidthMinor">@null</item>
        <item name="windowFixedHeightMajor">@null</item>
        <item name="windowFixedHeightMinor">@null</item>

        <!-- Tooltip attributes -->
        <item name="tooltipFrameBackground">@drawable/tooltip_frame_dark</item>
        <item name="tooltipForegroundColor">@color/foreground_material_dark</item>

        <item name="colorError">@color/error_color_material_light</item>
    </style>

다시 Platform.AppCompat.Light를 상속받는데

이 부분이 사용자들이 자주 조정하는 대부분의 속성을 정의하고 있음을 확인할 수 있다.

Platform.AppCompat.Light

<style name="Platform.AppCompat.Light" parent="android:Theme.Holo.Light">
        <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>
        <item name="android:windowActionBar">false</item>

        <item name="android:buttonBarStyle">?attr/buttonBarStyle</item>
        <item name="android:buttonBarButtonStyle">?attr/buttonBarButtonStyle</item>
        <item name="android:borderlessButtonStyle">?attr/borderlessButtonStyle</item>

        <!-- Window colors -->
        <item name="android:colorForeground">@color/foreground_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:colorForegroundInverse">@color/foreground_material_dark</item>
        <item name="android:colorBackground">@color/background_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:colorBackgroundCacheHint">@color/abc_background_cache_hint_selector_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:disabledAlpha">@dimen/abc_disabled_alpha_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:backgroundDimAmount">0.6</item>
        <item name="android:windowBackground">@color/background_material_light</item>

        <!-- Text colors -->
        <item name="android:textColorPrimary">@color/abc_primary_text_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:textColorPrimaryInverse">@color/abc_primary_text_material_dark</item>
        <item name="android:textColorSecondary">@color/abc_secondary_text_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:textColorSecondaryInverse">@color/abc_secondary_text_material_dark</item>
        <item name="android:textColorTertiary">@color/abc_secondary_text_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:textColorTertiaryInverse">@color/abc_secondary_text_material_dark</item>
        <item name="android:textColorPrimaryDisableOnly">@color/abc_primary_text_disable_only_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:textColorPrimaryInverseDisableOnly">@color/abc_primary_text_disable_only_material_dark</item>
        <item name="android:textColorHint">@color/abc_hint_foreground_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:textColorHintInverse">@color/abc_hint_foreground_material_dark</item>
        <item name="android:textColorHighlight">@color/highlighted_text_material_light</item>
        <item name="android:textColorHighlightInverse">@color/highlighted_text_material_dark</item>
        <item name="android:textColorLink">?attr/colorAccent</item>
        <item name="android:textColorLinkInverse">?attr/colorAccent</item>
        <item name="android:textColorAlertDialogListItem">@color/abc_primary_text_material_light</item>

        <!-- Text styles -->
        <item name="android:textAppearance">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceInverse">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Inverse</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceLarge">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Large</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceLargeInverse">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Large.Inverse</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceMedium">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceMediumInverse">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium.Inverse</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceSmall">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Small</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceSmallInverse">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Small.Inverse</item>

        <item name="android:listChoiceIndicatorSingle">@drawable/abc_btn_radio_material</item>
        <item name="listChoiceIndicatorSingleAnimated">@drawable/abc_btn_radio_material_anim</item>
        <item name="android:listChoiceIndicatorMultiple">@drawable/abc_btn_check_material</item>
        <item name="listChoiceIndicatorMultipleAnimated">@drawable/abc_btn_check_material_anim</item>

        <!-- List attributes -->
        <item name="android:textAppearanceListItem">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Subhead</item>
        <item name="android:textAppearanceListItemSmall">@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Subhead</item>
        <!-- textAppearanceListItemSecondary is 21+ only so not safe to apply here-->
        <item name="android:listPreferredItemHeight">@dimen/abc_list_item_height_material</item>
        <item name="android:listPreferredItemHeightSmall">@dimen/abc_list_item_height_small_material</item>
        <item name="android:listPreferredItemHeightLarge">@dimen/abc_list_item_height_large_material</item>
        <item name="android:listPreferredItemPaddingLeft">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>
        <item name="android:listPreferredItemPaddingRight">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>
        <item name="android:listPreferredItemPaddingStart">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>
        <item name="android:listPreferredItemPaddingEnd">@dimen/abc_list_item_padding_horizontal_material</item>

        <item name="android:actionModeCutDrawable">?actionModeCutDrawable</item>
        <item name="android:actionModeCopyDrawable">?actionModeCopyDrawable</item>
        <item name="android:actionModePasteDrawable">?actionModePasteDrawable</item>
        <item name="android:actionModeSelectAllDrawable">?actionModeSelectAllDrawable</item>

        <item name="android:textSelectHandle">@drawable/abc_text_select_handle_middle_mtrl_light</item>
        <item name="android:textSelectHandleLeft">@drawable/abc_text_select_handle_left_mtrl_light</item>
        <item name="android:textSelectHandleRight">@drawable/abc_text_select_handle_right_mtrl_light</item>
    </style>

이는 android:Theme.Holo.Light를 parent로 상속받고 있는데, 아래와 같은 주석으로 보아 위까지만 보아도 될듯하다.

@deprecated Use Material themes on API 21+ or AppCompat on supported APIs.

테마 속성 변경할 때마다 일일이 찾아다니기 귀찮을 수 있으니

이 참에 테마 속성을 한번 쭉 살펴보는 것도 도움이 될 것이다.